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口译课程考试大纲(二)
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广告招租，e-mail:yesize@hotmail.com B．英译汉 Many Americans formed their idea of family life in the nineteen - fifties. But that kind American family has become increasingly less common in the last thirty years. // Beginning in the nineteen - fifties, a wave of social change swept through American life. Almost every American family was affected. Historians say the American family has change more rapidly in the last thirty years than in any other time period. // Social historians say the most far - reaching change in the family has resulted in changes in womens work. A majority of married women in the United States no longer stay home all day to cook, clean and raise children. They now have paid jobs outside their homes. // Changes in the family also resulted from changes in marriage traditions. During nineteen - sixties，many young men and women began to live together without being legally married. Some had children. They were a family, but not in the traditional sense. // At the same time, more people ended their marriage if it was unhappy. The rate of divorce in the United States increased by more than three times in about twenty years. 参考答寨 许多美国人的家庭生活观念是在1950年代形成的。但是那种美国家庭在最近30年里已越来越少见了。//从1950年代起，一股社会变革的浪潮席卷了美国人的生活。几乎每个美国家庭都受到了影响。历史学家们说，美国家庭最近30年来的变化，比任何时候都要快。//社会历史学家说，家庭的深远变革引起了妇女工作的变化。美国的多数已婚妇女不再呆在家里，整天做饭、清洗、带孩子。她们在外面工作挣钱。//家庭的变化也是由于婚姻传统的改变。在1960年代，许多年轻男女未婚同居。有些人还了孩子。他们也是一个家庭，但不是传统意义上的。//此同时，更多的人因为婚姻不幸福而结束了婚姻。美国离婚率在大约20年的时间里增长了3倍以上。 样题三 A. 汉译英 半个世纪以来，尤其是改革开放以来，由于国民经济发展，人民生活水平提高和医疗条件改善，中国人的预期寿命提高了，死亡率降低了。// 解放初期中国人的预期寿命是35岁，现在已经到了71岁；那时的死亡率是千分之二十，现在是千分之六。 // 我们为人民预期寿命的提高感到高兴，但这也带来了老年人口迅速增长的问题。目前中国的老龄人已超过1 亿，并继续以年均3%的速度增 长，每年增加2400万老年人。// 到2040年，老龄人口将增长到3.8亿，约占总人口的25.3%，也就是说，每4个中国人中就有一个老人。// 中国人口老龄化是在经济不发达的情况下到来的，而且老龄化在地区间的发展也不平衡。 参考答案 In the last 50 years， especially since the implementation of the policy of reform and opening up, the life expectancy of the Chinese has increased while the death rate has decreased, as a result of the development of national economy and the improvement of living standards and medical care. //The life expectancy of the Chinese was 35 in the early years of the Peoples Republic, and at present, it is 71. The death rate was 20 per thousand in those days and is 6 per thousand now // While we are happy about the increase in our life expectancy, it has also resulted in a rapid increase of the elderly population. Presently, the elderly population in China has exceeded 100 million with an increase of 24 million at an annual growth rate of 3%. // By the year 2040, the elderly population will add up to 380 million, or 25.3% of the total, which means that I out of 4 Chinese will be a senior citizen. // The aging of population has occurred when Chinas economy is still underdeveloped, and the growth rate of the elderly population is uneven in different parts of the country. B．英译汉 Do you want to know what questions visa officers have in mind when they face a student applying for a visa? Here are the specific questions generally in visa officers minds. // Are you a genuine student, headed to the US for the purpose of studying? Can you pay for your studies? Are you really going to America to study and only to study, not to work? Do you intend to leave the US when you have your degree? // We are also interested in your familys financial situation. If your family can afford to send you to the US to study and are doing well in China, we are likely to believe that you too will prosper after you come back. // If your family has no money and you are borrowing thousands of dollars to finance your US education, it will be more difficult to persuade us that you intend to come right back to China after finishing your studies. // There is no one thing that determines whether we grant a visa or not. We consider all the factors before coming to what we hope is a sound decision. 参考答案 你想知道签证官面对一个申请签证的学生时想的是什么吗？下面就是他们想知道的几个问题。//你是真是想去美国读书吗？你有钱付学费吗？你去美国仅仅是为了上学，而不是去工作吗？在学业完成后你打算离开美国吗？//我们对你家庭的经济状况也感兴趣。如果你的家庭能供你去美国留学，父母在国内的事业也开展得不错，我们也就容易相信你回国后也会事业有成。//如果你的家庭没有钱，你是借钱去美国读书，那么我们就很难相信你学成后会马上回国。//我们不会根据哪一种单一的条件来决定给签证还是不给。我们要考察所有因素，然后做出审慎的决定。
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