第3部分：概括大意与完成句子www.test99.com
Exercising Your Memorywww.test99.com

1 Aging does not mean a dramatic decline in memory power, unless you help it help by letting your mind go.www.test99.com
2 Thats not to say that memory doesnt change throughout life. Researchers divide memory into categories based on the length of time when memories are stored. One system divides it up as short-term (less than one minute; remembering a telephone number while you dial, for instance), long-term (over a period of years) and very long-term memory (over a lifetime).www.test99.com
3 Short-term memory isnt mastered until about age 7, but after that you never lose it. Long-term memory, however, involves more effort and skill and changes through life. Its not until the early teens that most people develop a mature long-term memory.www.test99.com
4 First, we must get information into our heads through learning. Learning strategies can get rusty (生锈的，迟钝的) without constant use. High school and college students, who are forced to repeatedly exercise their long-term memory abilities (at least long-term enough to get them through a final exam), usually do well on memory tests. The longer you stay in school, the more chance you get to polish your learning skills. Its no wonder that more highly educated people have more effective memory skills throughout life.www.test99.com
5 Although older people in general learn somewhat more slowly than they did when younger, a dramatic difference exists between those who stay intellectually active -- reading, discussing, taking classes, thinking -- and those who do not. Giving the brain a daily workout is just as important as exercising your muscles. Brainwork keeps your learning strategies in shape, and this helps your memory to function at full capacity.www.test99.com
6 The next part of a healthy long-term memory is retention（保持力，记忆力）, the ability to store what you have learned. Memory researchers still do not know whether memories are lost -- whether they still exist in the brain nut our mental searching cannot turn them up, or have disappeared entirely as our brain ages. www.test99.com
7 The third necessity for memory is recall, the ability to mind the memories we have stored. Again, while aging has widely different effects on the recall abilities of different people, research indicates that the older we get, the longer it takes to recall facts. But slower recall is still recall. In fact, aging does not seem to have any effect on forgetting at all, which takes place at the same rate in younger and older people. www.test99.com

23. Paragraph 3_________ www.test99.com
24. Paragraph 4 _________www.test99.com
25. Paragraph 5_________www.test99.com
26. Paragraph 6 ___________www.test99.com

A. Effects of aging on a persons recall abilitywww.test99.com
B. short-term memory versus long-term memorywww.test99.com
C. retention as the second necessity for memorywww.test99.com
D. like between learning strategies and effective memory skills www.test99.com
E. Significance of exercising your muscleswww.test99.com
F. importance of staying intellectually activewww.test99.com

27. Retention refers to _____________.www.test99.com
28. The rate of forgetting is the same _____________.www.test99.com
29. Remembering something all your life _____________.www.test99.com
30. Exercising your brain every day is beneficial _____________.www.test99.com

A. to the proper function of your memorywww.test99.com
B. is called long-term memorywww.test99.com
C. the capacity to store what you have learnedwww.test99.com
D. belongs to every long-term memorywww.test99.com
E. the ability to remain mentally healthywww.test99.com
F. for younger and older peoplewww.test99.com
第4部分：阅读理解www.test99.com
第一篇www.test99.com
First Aidwww.test99.com
First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. It may save a life or improve certain vital signs including pulse, temperature, a clear airway(气道),and breathing. In minor emergencies, first aid may prevent a victim’s condition from turning worse and provide relief from pain. First aid must be administered as quickly as possible. In the case of the critically injured, a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.www.test99.com
First-aid measures depend upon a victim’s needs and the provider’s level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to permanent spinal(脊柱的) injury and paralysis(瘫痪).www.test99.com
Despite the variety of injuries possible, several principles of first aid apply to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim, if conscious, should be reassured that medical aid has been requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next, assess the scene, asking other people or the injured person’s family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and preexisting conditions such as diabetes(糖尿病) or heart trouble. The victim should be checked for a medical bracelet(手镯) or card that describes special medical conditions. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or card that describes special medical conditions. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim.www.test99.com
First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist. One method for evaluating a victim’s condition is known by the acronym(首字母缩写词) ABC, which stands for:www.test99.com
A- Airway: is it open and clear?www.test99.com
B- Breathing: is the person breathing? Look, listen, and feel for breathing.www.test99.com
C- Circulation: is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding externally? Check skin color and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.www.test99.com
31.First aid may bring about all the following results EXPECTwww.test99.com
A. saving a victim’s life.www.test99.com
B. preventing a victim’s condition from getting worse.www.test99.com
C. relieving a victim from pain.www.test99.com
D. helping a person avoid sudden illness or injury.www.test99.com

32.Before we administer first aid to a victim, it is very important for uswww.test99.com
A. to make sure what to do and what not to do.www.test99.com
B. to refer to all kinds of handbooks on first aid.www.test99.com
C. to remove the ring or bracelet he may be wearing.www.test99.com
D. to take him to a hospital at once.www.test99.com

33.In administering first aid to a victim, you should first of allwww.test99.com
A. remove him from the accident scene.www.test99.com
B. turn him over.www.test99.com
C. call for professional medical help.www.test99.com
D. examine him carefully.www.test99.com

34.You may assess a victim’s condition by all the following EXPECTwww.test99.com
A. checking whether there is a pulse.www.test99.com
B. looking ,listening and feeling for breathing.www.test99.com
C. replacing his medical bracelet or card.www.test99.com
D. examining whether the airway is open and clear.www.test99.com

35.The purpose of the passage is to tell the readerwww.test99.com
A. the importance of protecting the accident scene.www.test99.com
B. some basic facts about first aid.www.test99.com
C. what professional medical help is.www.test99.com
D. who can administer first aid.www.test99.com

第二篇www.test99.com
Stress at Work and Still Healthywww.test99.com
The term could yet become the word of the year; stress is on everyone’s lips these days and everywhere. Not only managers, officials and teachers are complaining nowadays, housewives, children and pensioners now also have their own problems. They too sacrifice themselves for others, feel under-or overworked and quickly lose their inner balance. Irritation, tiredness and exhaustion quickly follow. But that is only the negative aspect. Stress, after all, is also linked to positive terms such as joy of life, tension and vitality(活力).www.test99.com
“Firstly, stress is healthy,” says Wolfgang Stehling from Eltvelle. The doctor and management consultant says:” It occurs when the body loses its inner balance, but then stress hormones are produced to re-establish the balance.” Thus stress is nothing more than a positive reaction of the body to pressure. It is unavoidable as part of our nature: ”There is no such thing as a stress-free life.”www.test99.com
But whether stress leads to tensions in the mind or to tenseness of the muscles depends on the duration（持续时间）, its cause or causes and the sufferer’s personal situation. People who have trouble sleeping or suffer from bad moods or simply the flu will not be on top of the world and will take every little strife as negative stress. Others, people who feel refreshed at every new turn, are relaxed and successful, will view a difficult round of negotiations or competition at work more as a positive challenge than a cross to bear.www.test99.com
Exercise, healthy eating and relaxing are thus the three pillars by which stress can be conquered almost every time. These factors form a unit, explains Marita Voelker-Albert, spokeswoman for the government’s Nutrition Advice Center in Cologne. Its campaign “Gut Drauf” (Feeling Good) is targeted at young people. The government agency’s research suggests that three out of four adolescents feel tired, overtaxed(负担过重)and under stress. Eating disorders and complaints such as migraines(偏头痛)and indigestion(消化不良),nervousness and concentration problems have increased among 12- to 16-year-olds.www.test99.com
But even the best solutions don’t work if they are not put into practice, says Stehling. Anybody who goes jogging regularly, practices yoga(瑜伽功)and prescribes good literature as a cure for negative stress, may well end up under more pressure as he tries to find the time for it all. Sometimes, says the consultant, it helps to take time out to reduce stress levels over a weekend.www.test99.com
36.Which of the following is NOT a correct view on stress?www.test99.com
A. Stress has both positive and negative aspects.www.test99.com
B. Stress is only a positive reaction of the body to pressure.www.test99.com
C. Stress only leads to serious problems.www.test99.com
D. Stress is unavoidable as part of our nature.www.test99.com

37. A person who has lost his inner balance may soon feelwww.test99.com
A. fit and healthy.www.test99.com
B. under-or overworked.www.test99.com
C. relaxed and happy.www.test99.com
D. irritated, tired and exhausted.www.test99.com

38. Who will easily take every little strife as negative stress?www.test99.com
A. Those who suffer from the flu.www.test99.com
B. Those who are in good moods.www.test99.com
C. Those who are successful.www.test99.com
D. Those who feel refreshed at every new turn.www.test99.com
39. All the following complaints are said to have increased among children aged 12 to 16 EXPECTwww.test99.com
A. painful headache.www.test99.com
B. indigestion.www.test99.com
C. nervousness and concentration problems.www.test99.com
D. loss of memory.www.test99.com
40. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a possible cure for negative stress?www.test99.com
A. Reading good literature.www.test99.com
B. Practicing yoga.www.test99.com
C. Having a healthy diet.www.test99.com
D. Working overtime.www.test99.com
第三篇www.test99.com
Is the News Believable?www.test99.com
Unless you have gone through the experience yourself, or watched a loved one’s struggle, you really have no idea just how desperate cancer can make you. You pray, you rage, you bargain with God, but most of all you clutch at any hope, no matter how remote, of a second chance at life.www.test99.com
For a few excited days last week, however, it seemed as if the whole world was a cancer patient and that all humankind had been granted a reprieve(痛苦减轻) . Triggered by a front-page medical news story in the usually reserved New York Times, all anybody was talking about--- on the radio, on television, on the Internet, in phone calls to friends and relatives----was the report that a combination of two new drugs could , as the Times put it, “cure cancer in two years.”www.test99.com
In a matter of hours patients had jammed their doctors’ phone lines begging for a chance to test the miracle cancer cure. Cancer scientists raced to the phones to make sure everyone knew about their research too, generating a new round of headlines.www.test99.com
The time certainly seemed ripe for a breakthrough in cancer. Only last month scientists at the National Cancer Institute announced that they were halting a clinical trial of a drug called tamoxifen (他莫昔芬) ------ and offering it to patients getting the placebo(安慰剂) -----because it had proved so effective at preventing breast cancer (although it also seemed to increase the risk of uterine(子宫的) cancer). Two weeks later came the New York Times’ report that two new drugs could shrink tumors of every variety without any side effects whatsoever.www.test99.com
It all seemed too good to be true, and of course it was. There are no miracle cancer drugs, at least not yet. At this stage all the drug manufactures can offer is some very interesting molecules, and the only cancers they have cured so far have been in mice. By the middle of last week, even the TV talk-show hosts who talked most about the news had learned what every scientist already knew : that curing a disease in lab animals is not the same as doing it in humans. “The history of cancer research has been a history of curing cancer in the mouse,” Dr. Richard Klausner, head of the National Cancer Institute, told the Los Angeles Times. “We have cured mice of cancer for decades---and it simply didn’t work in people.”www.test99.com
41.According to the passage, a person suffering from cancer willwww.test99.com
A. give up any hope.www.test99.com
B. pray for the health of his loved ones.www.test99.com
C. seize every chance of survival.www.test99.com
D. go out of his way to help others.www.test99.com
42. The unprecedented interest in the cure of cancer was aroused bywww.test99.com
A. a nationwide discussion of the topic.www.test99.com
B. an announcement by the National Cancer Institute.www.test99.com
C. a medical news story in the Los Angeles Times.www.test99.com
D. a report in the New York Times.www.test99.com
43. According to the New York Times’ report, a combination of two new drugs couldwww.test99.com
A. prevent breast cancer.www.test99.com
B. reduce the size of all tumors.www.test99.com
C. cure various diseases.www.test99.com
D. prevent uterine cancer.www.test99.com
44. In the first sentence of the last paragraph, “it was ” meanswww.test99.com
A. “it was too good to be true.”www.test99.com
B. “it was true.”www.test99.com
C. “it was a miracle drug.”www.test99.com
D. “it was good.”www.test99.com
45. The history of cancer research has shown thatwww.test99.com
A. miracle cancer drugs often turn up unexpectedly.www.test99.com
B. the mass media can work wonders.www.test99.com
C. animals and humans are similar in behaviour.www.test99.com
D. curing cancers in mice is much easier than in humans.www.test99.com
第5部分：补全短文www.test99.com
A New Medicine to Treat Both AIDS and Hepatitis Bwww.test99.com
A medicine approved last moth to treat AIDS(艾滋病) also shows promise against hepatitis B(乙的肝炎).www.test99.com
The drug, 3TC, puts down the hepatitis B virus in people with chronic infections, stopping its damage to the liver, researchers reported.www.test99.com
About one million Americans are thought to be infected with hepatitis B, which can lead to cirrhosis(肝硬化),liver failure and liver cancer in a small proportion of victims if left untreated.__________(46).www.test99.com
“ It’s a preliminary study, but this is promising. It looks like it has the potential to make a significant impact on hepatitis B,” said Dr Jules L.Dienstag of Massachusetts General Hospital, who directed the study.www.test99.com
Currently the only treatment for hepatitis B is interferon(干扰素). Such a treatment can permanently eliminate the virus in about one-third of patients.___________(47).www.test99.com
In the latest study, doctors found that 3TC appeared to knock out the virus permanently in about 20%of patients when given for three months.___________(48)www.test99.com
Unlike interferon; 3TC is given in pill form and carries few side effects. The drug was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in November for use against AIDS.www.test99.com
Both the hepatitis B virus and the AIDS virus need a protein to reproduce.___________(49). Doctors have tested similar AIDS drugs against hepatitis B. but all except 3TC have turned out to be ineffective or too toxic(有毒的)。www.test99.com
Dr Jay Hoofnagle of the National Institutes of Health said a next step will be to combine 3TC with interferon to see if the two drugs together improve the chance of curing hepatitis B. “It looks extremely promising,” he said of 3TC__________(50)www.test99.com

A interferon must be injected for four to six months and often has unpleasant side effects, including flu-like symptoms, fatigue and depression.www.test99.com
B The hospital is among the biggest ones in America.www.test99.com
C Dienstag said he hopes that with longer treatment, this response rate can be doubled.www.test99.com
D “It’s not the answer, but it’s a step in the right direction.”www.test99.com
E Perhaps20% of these patients have lingering(迁延性的) infections that would benefit f from treatment.www.test99.com
F 3TC is one of a group of drugs that block production of this protein.www.test99.com

第6部分：的完形填空（第51~65题，每题1分，共15分）www.test99.com
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项同，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上www.test99.com
A Special Clockwww.test99.com
Every living thing has what scientists call a biological clock that controls behavior. The biological clock________(51) plants when to form flowers and when the flowers should open. It tells insects when to __________(52) the protective cocoon (防护卵袋) and fly away, and it tells animals and human beings when to eat, sleep and wake.www.test99.com
Events outside the plant and animal__________(53) the actions of some biological clocks . Scientists recently found, for example, that a tiny animal changes the color of its fur because of the __________(54) of hours of daylight. In the short_________(55) of winter, its fur becomes white. The fur becomes gray brown in _________(56) in the longer hours of daylight in summer.www.test99.com
Inner signals control other _________(57) clocks. German scientists found that some kind of internal clock seems to order birds to begin their long migration_________(58) twice each year. Birds _________(59) from flying become restless when it is time for the trip, _________(60) they become calm again when the time of the flight has ended.www.test99.com
Scientists say they are beginning to learn which _________(61) of the brain contain biological clocks. An American researcher, Martin Moorhead, said a small group of cells near the front of the brain__________(62) to control the timing of some of our actions. These __________(63) tell a person when to wake, when to _________(64) and when to seek food. Scientists say there probably are other biological clock cells that __________(65) other body activities.www.test99.com
51 A says B asks C talks D tellswww.test99.com
52 A reach B leave C escape D enterwww.test99.com
53 A affect B adopt C avoid D expresswww.test99.com
54 A time B value C amount D numberwww.test99.com
55 A days B months C minutes D weekswww.test99.com
56 A shape B type C form D colorwww.test99.com
57 A physical B biological C mental D portablewww.test99.com
58 A operation B flight C movement D transportationwww.test99.com
59 A derived B prevented C originated D protectedwww.test99.com
60 A but B unless C therefore D ifwww.test99.com
61 A parts B ideas C sorts D imageswww.test99.com
62 A tries B likes C seems D wants www.test99.com
63 A functions B places C actions D cellswww.test99.com
64 A lie B sleep C stand D walkwww.test99.com
65 A build B demand C reflect D controlwww.test99.com

答案：www.test99.com
1.B 2.D 3.D 4.D 5.C 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.D 10.Dwww.test99.com
11.B 12.B 13.A 14.A 15.B 16.B 17.B 18.A 19.Awww.test99.com
20.C 21.B 22.C 23.B 24.D 25.F 26.C 27.C 28.Fwww.test99.com
29.D 30.A www.test99.com
31.D 32.A 33.C 34.C 35.B 36.C 37.D 38.A 39.Dwww.test99.com
40.D 41.C 42.D 43.B 44.A 45.Dwww.test99.com
46.E 47.A 48.C 49.F 50.Dwww.test99.com
51.D 52.B 53.A 54.D 55.A 56.D 57.B 58.B 59.Bwww.test99.com
60.A 61.A 62.C 63.D 64.B 65.Dwww.test99.com