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TOEFL试题（2）2
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广告招租，e-mail:yesize@hotmail.com s closest in meaning to 19. Most of the helium in the universe was formed 20. The word ceased in line 26 is closest in meaning to Questions 21-30 In colonial America, people generally covered their beds with decorative quilts resembling those of the lands from which the quitters had come. Wealthy and socially prominent settlers made quilts of the English type, cut from large lengths of cloth of the same color and texture rather than stitched together from smaller pieces. They mad these until the advent of the Revolutionary War in I 775, when everything English came to be frowned upon. Among the whole-cloth quilts made by these wealthy settlers during the early period are those now called linsey-woolseys. This term was usually applied to a fabric of wool and linen used In heavy clothing and quilted petticoats worn in the wintertime. Despite the name, linsey-woolsey bedcovers did not often contain linen. Rather, they were made of a lop layer of woolen or glazed worsted wool fabric, consisting of smooth, compact yarn from long wool fiber dyed dark blue, green, or brown with a bottom layer of a coarser woolen material, either natural or a shade of yellow. The filling was a soft layer of wool which had been cleaned and separated and the three layers were held together with decorative stitching done with homespun linen thread. Later, cotton thread WM used for this purpose. The design of the stitching was often a simple one composed of interlocking circles or crossed diagonal lines giving a diamond pattern. This type of heavy, warm, quilted bedcover was so large that it hung to the floor. The corners are cut out at the foot of the cover so that the quilt fit snugly around the tall four-poster, beds of the 1700s, which differed from those of today in that they were shorter and wider; they were short because people slept in a semi-sitting position with many bolsters or pillows, and wide, because each bed often slept three or more. The linsey-woolsey covering was found in the colder regions of the country because of the warmth it afforded. There was no central heating and most bedrooms did not have fireplaces. 21. What does this passage mainly discuss? 22. The word prominent in line 3 is closest in meaning to 23. The author mention the Revolutionary War as a time period when 24. The phrase applied to in line 8 is closest in meaning 10 25. The term linsey-woolsey originally meant fabric used primarily in
27. The quilts described in the second and third paragraphs were made primarily of 28. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that the sleeping habits of most Americans have changed since the 1700s in all the following ways EXCEPT 29. The word afforded in line 24 is closest in meaning to 30. Which of the following was most likely to be found in a bedroom in the colder areas of the American colonies? Questions 31-40 Growing tightly packed together and collectively weaving a dense canopy of branches, a stand of red alder trees can totally dominate a site to the exclusion of almost everything else. Certain species such as salmonberry and sword ferns have Line adapted to the limited sunlight dappling through the canopy, but few evergreen trees (S) will survive there; still fewer can compete with the early prodigious growth of alders. A Douglas fir tree reaches its maximum rate of growth ten years later than an alder, and if the two of them begin life at the same time, the alder quickly outgrows and dominates the Douglas fir. After an alder canopy has closed, the Douglas fir suffers a marked decrease in growth, often dying within seven years. Even more shade-tolerant species of trees such as hemlock may remain badly suppressed beneath aggressive young alders. Companies engaged in intensive timber cropping naturally take a dim view of alders suppressing more valuable evergreen trees. But times are changing; a new generation of foresters seems better prepared to Include in their management plans consideration of the vital ecological role alders, play. Among the alders valuable ecological contributions is its capacity to fix nitrogen in nitrogen-deficient soils. Alder roots contain clusters of nitrogen-fixing nodules like those found on legumes such as beans. in addition, newly developing soils exposed by recent glacier retreat and planted with alders show that these trees are applying the equivalent of ten bags of high-nitrogen fertilizer to each hectare per year. Other chemical changes to soil in which they are growing Include a lowering of the base content and rise In soil acidity, as well as a substantial addition of carbon and calcium. to the soil, Another important role many alders play in the wild, particularly in mountainous areas, is to check the rush of water during spring melt. In Japan and elsewhere, the trees are planted to stabilize soil on steep mountain slopes. Similarly, alders have been planted to stabilize and rehabilitate waste material left over from old mines, flood deposits, and landslide areas in both Europe and Asia. 31. What does the passage mainly discuss? 32. The word dense in line I is closest in meaning to 33. Alder trees can suppress the growth of nearby trees by depriving them of 34. Thc passage suggests that Douglas fir trees are 35. It can be inferred from paragraph I that hemlock trees 36. It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that previous generations of foresters 37. The word they in line 21 refers to 38. According to the passage that alders are used in mountainous areas to 39. It can be Inferred from the passage that alders are used in mountainous areas to 40. What is the authors main purpose in the passage? Questions 41-50 In taking ups new life across the Atlantic, the early European settlers of the United States did not abandon the diversions with which their ancestors had traditionally relieved the tedium of life. Neither the harshness of existence on the new continent nor Line the scattered population nor the disapproval of the clergy discouraged the majority from the pursuit of pleasure. City and country dwellers. of course. conducted this pursuit in different ways. Farm dwellers in their isolation not only found it harder to locate companions in play but also thanks to the unending demands and pressures of their work, felt it necessary to combine fun with purpose. No other set of colonists too so seriously one expression of the period. Leisure Is time for doing something useful. in the countryside farmers therefore relieved the burden of the daily routine with such relaxation as hunting. fishing, and trapping. When a neighbor needed help, families rallied from miles around to assist In building a house or barn, husking corn, shearing sheep. or chopping wood. Food, drink, and celebration after the group work provided relaxation and soothed weary muscles. The most eagerly anticipated social events were the rural fairs, Hundreds of men, women, and children attended from far and near. The men bought or traded farm animals and acquired needed merchandise while the women displayed food prepared in their kitchens, and everyone, Including the youngsters, watched or participated in a variety of competitive sports, with prizes awarded to the winners. These events typically included horse races, wrestling matches, and foot races, as well as some nonathletic events such as whistling competitions. No other occasions did so much to relieve the isolation of farm existence. With the open countryside everywhere at hand, city dwellers naturally shared in some of the rural diversions. Favored recreations included fishing, hunting1 skating, and swimming. But city dwellers also developed other pleasures. which only compact communities made possible. 41. What is the passage mainly about? 42. What can be inferred about the diversions of the early settlers of the United States? 43. Which of he following can be said about the country dwellers attitude toward the pursuit of pleasure?
45. The word their in line B refers to 46. What is meant by the phrase double-purpose in line 11 ? 47. The phrase eagerly anticipated in line 16 is closest in meaning to 48. Which of the following can be said about the rural diversions mentioned in the last paragraph in which city dwellers also participated? 49. What will the author probably discuss in the paragraph following this passage? 50.Where in the passage does the author mention factors that might prevent people from enjoying themselves?
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