试卷一解析
NOTES
Part I Tapescript of Listening Comprehension
Section A
1. W: There is a direct flight at 10 o’clock or a flight at 2 this afternoon that stops over in San Francisco.
W: I think I’d rather have the earlier one so I can go to work tomorrow.
Q: What relationship do these people have?
2. W: Robert worked as a secretary for three years. Then he became a newspaperman. After that he started writing novels.
M: I know. And he has been doing nothing else ever since.
Q: What is the man’s occupation now?
3. M: What a lot of traffic! We shouldn’t have driven down the main street, not when it’s so crowded.
W: Well, I told you, dear, didn’t I? I said the roads would be very busy, especially on Saturday.
Q: Where did the conversation take place?
4. M: Louis, do you want me to try to fix that broken camera of yours?
W: Thanks, but I already had it taken care of.
Q: What happened to the camera?
5. M: When can I make the earliest appointment with Dr. Johnson?
W: Dr. Johnson has appointments on Monday and Tuesday mornings, Thursday and Friday afternoons, and he has a conference the whole day Wednesday.
Q: When can the man meet Dr. Johnson the earliest?
6. M: Have you made up your mind?
W: Yes, I’ll give up biology and switch to archeology, where my interest lies.
Q: What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
7. M: I’ve just recovered from a severe stroke. Would you kindly turn your TV down a bit ?
W: Sorry. I didn’t know that.
Q: What will the woman do?
8. W: I’m exhausted. I stayed up the whole night studying for my history midterm exam.
M: Why do you always wait till the last minute?
Q: What can be inferred about the woman?
9. W: Why do we have to finish this proposal tonight? It’s already six p.m. Can’t we complete it tomorrow?
M: It has to go to the post office before twelve tonight. We must make sure that all the figures are correct.
Q: How many hours at most do they have to finish the proposal?
10.M: People first sent signals by flags, some archaeologists observed.
W: No. I think they exchanged news by smoke, hence the torch towers on the Great Wall.
Q: What are they discussing?
Section B Spot Dictation
To be successful in a job interview, you should demonstrate certain personal and professional qualities. You need to create a good image in the limited time available, usually from 30 to 45 minutes. You must make a positive impression which the interviewer will remember while he interviews other candidates. The following are some qualities you should especially pay attention to during an interview. First of all, you should take care to appear to be properly dressed. The right clothes worn at the right time can win respect of the interviewer and his confidence in your judgement. It may not be true that clothes make a man. But the first and often last impression of you is determined by the clothes you wear. Secondly, you should pay close attention to your manner of speaking, since speech is a reflection of personality. You should reflect confidence by speaking in a clear voice, loud enough to be heard, without being aggressive or overpowering. You should be prepared to talk knowledgeably about the requirements of the position you are applying for. Finally, to be really impressive you must convey a sense of selfconfidence and enthusiasm for work. If you display these characteristics, with just a little luck, you’ll certainly succe`ed in the typical personal interview.
Part II Reading Comprehension
11. 细节题。文章第二段的倒数第二句话提到“Schools are businesses, whether public or private, not usually because of mismanagement but because of the nature of the enterprise.” 可知不是因为管理不善，而是因为性质决定。
12. 语义题。本文第一段和第二段谈到了学校的财政困难的问题以及探讨了其产生的原因。作者在第二段中否认低入学率是造成财政困难的原因，指出即便学校满注册，仍会面临财政困难。不难推断，这里的go under, 指的是陷入困境。
13. 主题题。解此题要明确作者写此篇文章的目的。从文章第三段可知，作者认为使高等教学机构摆脱困境的办法可以通过实现教育机构的私有化，资助学校方式的多样化有助于带来教育形式的多样化。（参见文章第三段的第三句话和倒数第四句话）。选项C带有一定的迷惑性，意思不够明确，教育的多样化并不等同于教育形式的多样化。
14. 是非题。选项A、B、D均与文章的事实矛盾。选项C可根据文章第三段第四句话和第五句话“There is no basis for arguing that private schools are inherently better than public schools. Examples to the contrary abound.” (并没有根据说私立学校比公立学校好，实际上大量相反的例子存在。)推出。
15. 推断题。本题仍与作者写此篇文章的意图有关。文章第三段的第三句话指出挽救陷于财政困境的学校的办法是保持学校的私立性，而这种努力是一种“national necessity”，可推知，作者希望唤起人们的觉悟和支持，意识到这种做法的必要性。
16. 根据文章第一段的首句“A close analogy to a study design is the rough sketch made by an artist before he commits his vision to canvas.” (一项研究的设计就好比画家将头脑中的意想付诸画布之前所画的草图一样)，便可得出答案。
17. 主旨题。文章第一段介绍了研究设计；第二段说明研究设计的目的就是要看这种研究方法在有关青少年方面的作用；后面三段谈这种研究方法在研究青少年犯罪方面的贡献和优点。答案B概括了主旨。
18. 语义题。第四段第二行中“undertaken during the earliest stage of the project”是“an extensive survey of previous researches on crime”的定语，而其中的crime 具体指的就是青少年犯罪。
19. 单句理解题。根据文章第三段的最后一句话“This study makes an additional contribution by using a design specially planned to permit a comparison of several approaches.” 可得出答案。
20. 推断题。根据文章的最后一段最后一句话指出，实验性研究给方法和发现带来的最主要的贡献之一就是将三种设计研究类型结合在一起，目的是为了将它们的发现彼此联系，并且根据产生的数据对研究者的有用程度大小来评估这些研究类型的相对重要性。由此，可推知答案。
21. 细节题。文章第一段第一句讲述了人们总担心联邦特工窥探我们的私生活，而文章第一段第二句But the private Sector outdoes the government every time 清楚说明私营企业尤其后面谈及的商业领域泄漏私密远超过政府部门，所以D正确。
22. 细节题。第二段的第二句话The legislators lean toward letting business people track our financial habits virtually at will 是D选项等值叙述，legislators 就是立法者，virtually at will 也即give a free hand,意为“任意地”，所以D正确。
23. 细节题。文章第四段第二句及第三句话告诉我们如果30天内客户不在此期限内取消免费试用服务的话，服务商将通过其银行和信用卡自动收取费用。
24. 细节题。文章倒数第二段第一句话You have almost no protection from businesses that use your personal accounts for profit 告诉我们企业利用你的个人账户赚取利润，而受不到任何法律保护，紧接着的举例也充分说明B正确。
25. 推断题。文章最后一段讲述了虽然用户被告知所有私人信息是绝密的，而经营商言行不一致，他们出卖用户信息营利，并宣称只是共享信息资料，由此我们可推测这种做法将继续下去，也即用户个人隐私会继续受到侵犯。
26. 推断题。依据文章的第一段的末句，可知作者根据民意测验得出的结论，选项C是第一段的末句的同义替换。
27. 细节理解题。文章第二段用一系列的“should we not...”和“should we”给出了作者的建议和看法，他认为不能把就业当作惟一的标准，应当鼓励那些自重的人们以其他的方式参与工作。
28. 推断题。依据文章第三段的第一句话和第二句话可知：工业时代是人类历史上惟一一个人们的工作大多以job形式出现的时代；随着工业时代的结束，工业时代带来的人们工作方式上的变化将会得到逆转。由此可推断出，工业革命的到来使得人们的工作方式发生了变化。
29. 段落理解题。文章的第四段指出了17世纪和18世纪的圈地运动带来的后果（参见该段的首句和末句）：圈地运动使人们丧失土地，失去了谋生的手段而不得不离开家去其他地方找工作。
30. 推断题。根据文章的末段第二句话“The time has certainly come to switch some effort and resources away from the impractical goal of creating jobs for all...” 中的“impractical”这个词可推出答案。
Part III Vocabulary
31．【考点】名词辨析。penalty“处罚；刑罚；罚款；罚金额”；option“选择；供选择的人或物；选课”；obligation“义务；责任；合同；契约”；duty“税；关税”。
【译文】一些国家对于逃税者课以沉重的罚金。
32．【考点】名词辨析。integrity“正直；诚实”；compactness“紧密；结实”；temperament“脾气；气质；性格；性情”；robustness“强壮；强健”。
【译文】要当冠军，光有技巧和好身体还不够，还必须有良好的素质。
33．【考点】形容词辨析。vicious “恶毒的；凶残的”，如：vicious rumor 恶毒的谣言； impatient “不耐烦的”；equivalent（to） “相等的；等价的；相当的”,如：Changing his work like that is equivalent to giving him the sack. 那样调换他的工作就等于是解雇他。turbulent“动荡的；混乱的；汹涌的；狂暴的”，如：turbulent weather 恶劣的天气；turbulent period动荡的时期。
【译文】警察无法控制混乱的示威游行，因而部队赶来援助。
34．【考点】动词辨析。identify “认出；辨别；鉴定；确定”；notify sb. of sth“通知某人某事”； guarantee“保证；担保；保证书；保修期”； convey“表达；传达；传递；运送；运输”。
【译文】光线太暗，我无法认出她来。
35. 【考点】动词辨析。revive “恢复；复苏”；如：revive economy复苏经济；revive interest恢复兴趣; recover“恢复，痊愈；寻回；使复原，使康复”；reside “定居，居住；存在于”；remind（sb.）of sth./that “提醒；使想起；使发生联想”；如：The smell of lily always reminds me of our old house. 百合花香总使我想起我们的旧宅。
【译文】对我们周围的事物进行创造性地观察会唤醒我们对于生活的惊叹之情。
36．【考点】名词辨析。incentive “刺激；鼓励；动机；物质刺激”；imagination“想像”；intuition“直觉；直觉力”；indication“指示；征兆；迹象”。
【译文】提高生产率便给予额外奖励，这一做法激励了大家更加努力地工作。
37. 【考点】名词辨析。insight“洞察力；洞悉；深入的了解”；gain/provide/give an insight into sth.对…有深入的了解；presentation “赠送；提出；提供；表演；陈述；描述”；revelation “透露；揭示；显示”；specification“明确说明；（复数）规格；规范”；如：the technical specifications of a new car新汽车的技术规格。
【译文】他使我对于英国文学有了深入的了解。
38．【考点】形容词辨析。negligible“可忽略不计的；微不足道的”；如：negligible amount微不足道的数量; eligible “合格的；有资格的”；如：be eligible for pension 有资格得到养老金的；delegated“委派的”；quantitative“数量的；定量的”。
【译文】只有在美国出生的人才有资格做美国总统。
39. 【考点】 形容词辨析。naive “天真的”；illiterate “文盲的；没文化的”；ignorant（of/about） “对…无知的；不知道的”；unaware （of）“对… 没有意识到的”。
【译文】许多青少年对时事一无所知，实在令人吃惊。
40．【考点】形似词辨析。executive “执行的；行政的”；execute “实施；执行；完成；处决”；如：execute a murderer处决一谋杀犯；execute a plan 执行一项计划； editorial “社论”；exempt (from) “免除；豁免”；如：His bad eyesight exempted him from military service.他视力不好，因而免服兵役。
【译文】研究生会是由一个执行委员会管理的，它由干事和各研究生课程的代表组成。
41．【考点】名词辨析。revenue“收益，特指国家税收；收入；收益”；privilege“特权；优惠；优待”；validity“合法性；效力”；efficiency“效率；功效”。
【译文】经济衰退使政府的税收大大地减少了。
42．【考点】形容词辨析。 patriotic“爱国的”； luminous“发亮的；发光的；光明的；清楚的；易懂的”；如：state in luminous words用明白的话陈述；tentative “试探性的；实验性的”；如：a tentative conclusion 试探性的结论；reciprocal “相互的；互惠的”；如：reciprocal trade agreements 互惠贸易协定。
【译文】由于听众在这一领域知识贫乏，教授不得不用明白易懂的语言解释这一深奥的理论。
43．【考点】名词辨析。inspiration “灵感；鼓舞人心的人或事物”；sentiment“感情；情绪；意见；观点”；如：There is no room for sentiment in business. 做生意不能凭感情用事。hypothesis“假说；假定；前提”；sympathy“同情；怜悯”。
【译文】我不管他是谁的侄子，雇员必须择优录用，而不能感情用事。
44．【考点】形容词辨析。cognitive“认知的”；imperative “必要的；紧急的”；indicative (of) “指示的；陈诉的”；如：The resumption of talks is indicative of an improving relationship between the two countries. 恢复谈判表明两国间的关系有所改善。prospective “预期的；未来的；可能的”；如：a prospective buyer可能的购房者。
【译文】孩子不是电脑；一个上三年级的孩子的认知能力很大程度取决于他或她是否受到教育和享有幸福。
45. 【考点】动词辨析。testify “作证，证明；表明；说明”；如：This excellent book testifies to the author’s ability. 这本杰出的著作证明了作者的能力。verify “核实；查对；证实”；certify “证明；证实；发证书给”；如：a certified teacher 持有证书的合格教师； rectify “纠正；修复”。
【译文】财务上的错误可以通过用正确的数字来替换不正确的数字得到改正。
46．【考点】形容词辨析。interior“内的；内部的；内地的；腹地的；室内的；国内的”；如：an interior lake内陆湖；the interior trade国内贸易；external“外在的；外部的”；internal“内在的；内部的；本质的；内服的；本部的”；exterior“外部的；外面的；外表的；外交上的”；如：an exterior policy对外政策。
【译文】他的父亲是位著名的室内设计师，会在装潢新房上给予你很多帮助。
47．【考点】名词辨析。tariff “关税”； expense “花费；费用；开支”；at the expense of “由…负担费用；以…为代价”；expenditure “经费；费用；支出额”；如：expenditure on defense 国防开支； interests“利息；兴趣；爱好”。
【译文】对出口商品征高额关税是一个常常用来保护国内工业的办法。
48．【考点】形容词辨析。imaginary “想像的；虚构的”；如：an imaginary figure 虚构的人物； imaginative “富有想像力的”； imaginable “可以想像的；想得到的”；如：save the patient by every means imaginable用一切可能的办法抢救病人；imagining 是 imagine的现在分词。
【译文】通常说来，孩子比成年人更富有想像力。
49．【考点】动词辨析。catch “抓住，逮住”；capture “俘获；捕获；夺得；占领”；prey (on) “捕食；折磨”；fall prey to 成为…的牺牲品；深受其害；pray “祈祷”。
【译文】在过去很长的一段时间，人们认为这种动物以捕食鸟类和老鼠为生。
50．【考点】动词辨析。submit (to) “屈服；听从；提交；呈交”；如：We refused to submit to their control.我们拒绝受他们的控制。 consent (to) “准许；同意；赞成”；如：My parents would never consent to such a unsuitable marriage. 我父母绝对不会同意这桩不合适的婚姻。yield (to) “屈服；顺从；倒塌”；comply (with) “遵从；依从；服从”; 如：comply with certain standards符合某些标准。
【译文】这所大学的学生都得遵守规章制度。
51. 【考点】动词辨析。hunt“猎取；狩猎”；haunt“鬼魂常出没于；萦绕；使苦恼；使担忧”；如：Mary was haunted by the fear that her husband was having an affair. 玛丽担心她的丈夫有外遇，并为此而伤神。 track “追踪；跟踪”；notify“通知”。
【译文】十九世纪的美国人为这样一种前景担忧： 国家经济史无前例的变化将带来社会的动乱。
52．【考点】形容词词组。subject to“服从的；隶属的；易遭受；易受支配”；如：Are you subject to colds? 你易患感冒吗？We are subject to the law of the land. 我们必须遵守当地的法律。similar to“与…相似”；contrary to “与…相反”；adjacent to “与…相毗连”。
【译文】他十分容易激动，因此易发心脏病。
53．【考点】名词辨析。diet “日常的饮食，食谱”；application“应用”；consumption“消费，消耗；吃掉；吞噬”；flavor “风味”。
【译文】如图所示：过多食用糖会造成血糖不平衡，蛀牙及体重增加。
54．【考点】动词辨析。simulate “模拟；模仿”； substitute (for) “替代”； project “投射；放映”；review“复习；回顾；审查；评论；检阅”；如：The government is reviewing its foreign policy. 政府正在回顾其外交政策。review troops检阅部队。
【译文】科学家们努力开发能够模拟人类思维过程的电脑。
55. 【考点】名词辨析。根据that后所表述的法国人吃那么多丰富食物而患心脏病率较低的事实，我们可以知道二者相矛盾，所以B正确。
【译文】法国人吃那么多丰富食品而患心脏病率相对较低是相矛盾的。
56．【考点】动词辨析。refine “精练；精制；提纯；使优美；使完善”；如：Gasoline is refined from the crude oil.汽油是从原油提炼的。reinforce“增强；加强；增援”；如：reinforce the front增援前线；relieve “缓和；减轻；使轻松；使宽慰”；如：relieve one’s pain减轻痛苦；He felt relieved.他感到宽慰。renew “重新开始；继续；更新；恢复”；如：renew old tires 更换旧的轮胎；renew the discussion重新开始讨论。
【译文】他使自己的趣味爱好和举止仪态变得高雅完美，成为了一名真正的绅士。
57. 【考点】动词形似词辨析。 detain “扣留；拘留；耽搁”；retain “保留；保持”； refrain (from)“抑制；克制；戒除”；如：He refrained from smoking. 他克制住自己不吸烟。 contain“包含，包括”。
【译文】这位官员检查了我们的护照和旅行文件后将我们扣留了，因为我们的旅行证件不见了。
58. 【考点】 形容词辨析。temporary “临时的；暂时的”；permanent “永远的；固定的”；chronic“慢性的；长期的”；acute“急性的；剧烈的；敏锐的”；如：an acute eyesight敏锐的眼力。
【译文】这种药物治愈了折磨她二十年的慢性咳嗽。
59. 【考点】动词辨析。cruise“航行；航游；游弋；缓慢地巡行”；patrol“巡逻；巡查；在…巡逻”；glide“（飞机等）滑翔；滑行；游动”；pilot“驾驶（飞机等），为（船舶等）引航或操航”；pilot a ship through the canal引领船只通过运河。
【译文】 去年夏天，我和父母乘船到青岛度假。
60．【考点】形容词辨析。united “联合的”；unanimous“一致的；一致同意的”；universal“宇宙的；普遍的”；ultimate“最终的；最后的”。
【译文】 全国学术委员会一致同意授予她荣誉学位。
Part V Writing
Model Essay
Positive and Negative Effects of the Internet
The Internet is a miracle in human society for it introduces new concepts and living styles into our life. The imagined world created by the Internet offers us a window to exchange ideas, explore information and entertain ourselves at our own pace. Our traditional way of communication is undergoing a revolutionary change with new forms of communication like BBS, e-mails and online chatting becoming prevailing. And information is at our finger’s tips the instant we are online, which facilitates the sharing and utilizing of information to the greatest extent. The coming E-commerce boom will turn e-life into a reality. The Internet, though invisible and intangible, has become an indispensable part of our life.
Meanwhile, negative effects of the Internet have posed a big problem to us. The Internet can be addictive as alcohol and threaten people’s psychological well-being. Like a kaleidoscope, the Internet presents a world of fantasies. If people live in fantasies for too long, they may become anti-social and alienated from the real world. And the Internet can be a breeding ground of crimes. Hackers aim at attacking and paralyzing sites. Vulgar rubbish and erotic sites may corrupt kids- mind.
In my opinion, the invention of the Internet is a technological breakthrough which has brought incomparable conveniences and changes to human beings. Though inevitably the Internet has given rise to new social problems, it should not be the target of criticism because it is not the fault of the Net but the fault of those who abuse it.
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